Countercyclical (逆周期的)

Countercyclical (逆周期 nì zhōu qí) refers to the situation when economic activities moving in the direction opposite to the overall state of an economy. For instance, the total output increase during recessions, which does not follow the normal business pattern. Also see: acyclical (非周期性 fēi zhōu qí xìng), procyclical.

Part 1: Breakdown of Words

• “逆” (nì) as in “adverse balance” (逆差 nì chā), “reverse direction” (逆向 nì xiàng), or “adverse selection” (逆向选择 nì xiàng xuǎn zé).
• “Cyclical” (周期 zhōu qī) as in “acyclical” (非周期性 fēi zhōu qī xìng).
  • “周” (zhōu) as in “around” (周围 zhōu wéi), “circumference” (圆周 yuán zhōu), or “weekends” (周末 zhōu mò).
  • “期” (qī) as in “date” (日期 rì qī), “expectations” (期望 qī wàng), or “period” (期间 qī jiān).

Part 2: Examples

1. Countercyclical policy (逆周期政策 nì zhōu qí zhèng cè).
2. Countercyclical capital buffer (逆周期资本缓冲 nì zhōu qí zī běn huǎn chōng).
3. Countercyclical fiscal policy (逆周期财政政策 nì zhōu qí cái zhèng zhèng cè).
4. Countercyclical monetary policy (逆周期货币政策 nì zhōu qí huò bì zhèng cè).